The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) provided by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) has been used clinically for nearly three decades. Some hypotheses have been proposed to explain the change in ADC, including the change in membrane permeability, intracellular volume fraction (IVF), tortuosity of extracellular spaces, and intracellular diffusivity. However, no experimental study has been conducted to quantitatively assess the effects of these parameters on the ADC measurements. Experimental study is helpful to understand the biophysical mechanisms underlying the change in the ADC. Here, we designed a series of multi-parameter phantoms to conduct a quantitative experimental study.
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