The present study aimed to investigate brain asymmetry of healthy preterm-born infants within half-year-old using high angular resolution diffusion MRI. ROI-based analysis revealed most brain regions showed significant asymmetry and the asymmetry changed with brain development. The MD-based lateralization index showed an center-versus-peripheral pattern with remarkable lateralization in the posterior cortex. Moreover, in contrast to the adult brain, we found a rightward asymmetry in language processing regions and leftward asymmetry in visuospatial processing regions. Besides, consistent leftward lateralization in white matter was observed at both ROI-based and fixel-based analysis. These findings advanced our understanding of brain asymmetry during early development.
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