Abstract #2270

5D Flow – A quantitative in vivo comparison between Self-Gating and Pilot Tone Gating

Mariana B. L. Falcão¹, Lorenzo Di Sopra¹, Liliana Ma^2,3, Mario Bacher^1,4, Davide Piccini^1,5, Jérôme Yerly^1,6, Peter Speier⁴, Tobias Rutz⁷, Milan Prša⁷, Michael Markl^2,3, Matthias Stuber^1,6, and Christopher Roy¹

¹Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, ²Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, ³Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, ⁴Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, ⁵Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, ⁶Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland, ⁷Department of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland

Conventional 4D flow MRI techniques often have prolonged and unpredictable scan times, due to the use of respiratory navigation. To address this, a fully self-gated cardiac and respiratory motion-resolved whole-heart 5D flow protocol with a fixed scan time was recently developed using a free-running framework. This protocol extracts cardiac and respiratory signals from periodic readouts (self-gating). In this study, we explore the use of Pilot Tone signals as an alternative method for cardiac and respiratory signal extraction to reconstruct 5D flow data and compare reconstructions to those using the previously established self-gating method and the conventional 4D flow sequence.

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