Development of transverse temporal cortex is essential for speech perception in infants. However, the early morphological development of this cortex has not been fully understood. Additionally, influences of preterm birth on cortical development remain to be investigated. This study assessed cortical development of transverse temporal cortex in preterm and term infants based on surface reconstruction. We found that surface area and cortical volume of transverse temporal cortex underwent rapid changes. Term infants held higher surface area, cortical volume, and asymmetry than preterm infants. These results suggest that preterm birth influences the asymmetry and developmental trajectory of transverse temporal cortex.
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