An important aspect to understand evolutionary differences across primate species is through conserved subcortical circuitry and diversification of neocortical inputs. Here, we explore neocortical profiles of major subcortical structures using ‘Human Connectome Project-style’ resting-state functional MRI (rfMRI) connectivity in alert and anesthetized macaque monkeys. Our results reveal that the major subcortical “limbic and associative” structures have largely overlapping neocortical rfMRI connectivity profiles. These findings suggest important differences relative to previous reports of functional connectivity profiles in humans, and may provide a valuable clue to the evolution of human brain function and behavior in the primate lineage.
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