Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MRI is emerging as a tool for the studies of human malignancy. However, the translation of CEST into a successful tool for renal cancer characterization has been slow and hampered by technical difficulties associated with body imaging, such as motion, contaminating lipid signals and increased B0 ingomogeneity. Here we optimize CEST protocol for characterization of renal masses and demonstrate CEST measurements are feasible in kidneys using combination of motion synchronization, post-processing registration and lipid artifact removal. In addition, first Renal Cell Carcinoma patient CEST-mDixon data is shown and imaging results are correlated with the pathology.
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