HIV-1 enters the brain early in the course of infection and its replication continues despite use of combination anti-retrovirals (cART), causing chronic neuroinflammation, resulting in mild-to-moderate HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in up to 50% of infected individuals. HIV-1 virus can be found throughout the brain of infected individuals, however, its maximum viral loads were found in the basal ganglia, frontal and medial temporal lobes, and hippocampus.1 We evaluated the use of a whole-brain proton MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) method at 3Tesla to better characterize the metabolite changes within the whole brain as a result of HIV infection.
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