This study compared the capability of 3D magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate metabolism and 18FDG-PET to detect early responses to a TRAIL agonist (Medimmune MEDI3039) in Colo205 colorectal cancer and MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer xenograft models expressing luciferase and mStrawberry fluorescent protein. 24 hours after treatment, bioluminescence and hyperpolarized lactate/pyruvate ratio decreased significantly in all treated animals, preceding decreases in tumor volume. Conversely, 18FDG-PET did not detect treatment response. This suggests that for some tumors hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate may be an improvement on 18FDG-PET and RECIST for the early detection of treatment response.
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