Hyperpolarized 129Xe diffusion morphometry allows the microstructural dimensions of the lungs to be measured noninvasively, providing a means to quantify normal alveolar growth and disease progression in disorders such as emphysema. In the preclinical setting, 129Xe diffusion morphometry holds the potential to provide insights into fundamental pulmonary biology and to assess the efficacy of potential therapies. However, to have the greatest impact on pulmonary biomedicine, this approach must be applied reliably to mouse models, where tools to investigate disease mechanisms are most highly developed. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of high-resolution, 129Xe diffusion morphometry in living mice.
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