Now that several clinical trials are underway, sensitive fluorine-19 MRI of biocompatible perfluorocarbons with complex MR spectra, such as perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB), is seeing increased interest. We here therefore propose a novel multi-echo chemical shift encoding (MECSE) technique that accounts for all resonances in k-space and reconstructs a high-sensitivity image free of chemical-shift-displacement artifacts. MECSE was developed and characterized in a phantom study, compared to established techniques for imaging compounds with complex spectra, and preliminarily demonstrated in vivo.
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