Retrospective Self-Gated Free-Breathing Radial 3D Cine SSFP CMR Using Self-Calibrated GRAPPA: A Feasibility Study

Noel C. Codella¹, Pascal Spincemaille², Jing Liu², Martin Prince², Yi Wang²

In this study, a 3D free-breathing self-calibrated radial GRAPPA cine-SSFP pulse sequence was developed to overcome the limitations of 2D breath-hold imaging. Radial k-space sampling was employed to provide z-profile self-navigator to monitor respiratory motion, and to allow for GRAPPA self-calibration.