Proton diffusion tensor spectroscopy of metabolites in human muscle in vivo

Purpose: To study apparent diffusivity and directionality for metabolites of skeletal muscle in humans by 1H-MRS. Methods: Diffusion tensors in tibialis anterior muscle oriented at the magic angle were determined at 3T using optimized methods including an adapted STEAM sequence and simultaneous fitting. Results: Apparent diffusivities and fractional anisotropies of taurine, creatine, trimethylammonium compounds, carnosine and water were estimated. The diffusivities of most metabolites and water were significantly different from each other. Diffusion was found to be anisotropic and the diffusion tensors to be essentially coaligned. Magnitudes of the diffusivities were largely ordered according to molecular weight.

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