We designed a closed-loop concurrent transcranial alternating current stimulation and functional MRI (tACS-fMRI) to optimize fronto-parietal fMRI connectivity. Capacity for modulating fMRI connectivity are highly dependent on the transcranial electric stimulation (tES) parameters such as electric current frequency and phase. We proposed closed-loop tACS-fMRI optimization to search and find the tACS parameters resulting in the highest frontoparietal connectivity. Comparing to control group, experimental group shows an increased task-related frontoparietal functional connectivity (FC) during the training runs. The improvements in working memory was observed in participants in experimental tACS group (testing vs baseline run, 2-back task).
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