DTI has been used to evaluate brain microstructure in MS lesions and normal appearing white matter (NAWM). A DIAMOND model with an isotropic compartment + an anisotropic compartment may help disentangle the individual contribution of the compartments arising within a voxel, more accurately reflecting changes in the WM microstructure. In addition to finding differences in cAD, cRD, cMD and cFA, compartment diffusion model heterogeneity index was found to be significantly different in lesions. Our results support that a DIAMOND analysis can provide insights to MS lesion microstructure beyond conventional DTI metrics.
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