Free breathing 2D flip angle modulated (FAM) CSE techniques along three separate orientations (axial/coronal/sagittal) were developed and validated for motion-robust free-breathing liver PDFF and R2* quantification. Six healthy volunteers were recruited and scanned at 3T. Promising results suggest that the proposed optimized 2D FAM CSE techniques along coronal and sagittal directions were able to avoid tissue slice gaps in the liver during free breathing acquisitions. Accurate quantification of PDFF and R2* were also observed with the proposed optimized techniques, as well as improved SNR performance compared to previously proposed low-flip angle 2D CSE.
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