Punctate white matter lesions (PWMLs) are common in the preterm. The mild PWMLs may result in cognitive impairments and lesion location is closely associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes. Cognition is a high-order function with multiregional information integration and functional hemispherical lateralization. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the white matter (WM) asymmetries of mild PWMLs in preterm infants with different cognitive outcomes at a corrected age of 6 months by diffusion tensor imaging. Left lateralization of WM development is obviously reduced in mild PWMLs with cognitive delay, while WM asymmetries of PWMLs with normal cognition score are similar with controls.
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