Using connectivity-based parcellation technique, we segmented thalamus into two distinct subdivisions comprising superior thalamus and inferior thalamus based on their similarity in resting-state functional connectivity properties. We then compared the functional connectivity profiles of each thalamic subdivisions between the obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and healthy control (HC), and revealed the disturbances of the superior/inferior thalamo-cortical and inferior thalamo-cerebellar circuitry in OCD patients. These findings suggested that thalamus subdivisions play different role in motor, cognitive, affective processes in OCD, which may underlie the pathophysiology of the disorder.
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