A reliable and non-invasive measurement of myelin content in the brain is of high importance for neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis. To this end, various methods have been developed over the past years with different advantages and shortcomings. In this work, six widely used methods are compared and tested for reproducibility: (i) longitudinal relaxation rate, (ii) magnetization transfer ratio, (iii) macromolecular proton fraction, (iv) inhomogeneous magnetization transfer saturation, (v) myelin water fraction, and (vi) inversion recovery at ultra-short echo time. This comparison may facilitate an informed decision on which myelin imaging techniques should be used in future studies.
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