Diffusion tensor distribution (DTD) imaging was applied in a pilot study to investigate the potential for breast tumor grading in a clinical setting. The method relies on advanced gradient waveforms to encode the signal with information about cell densities, shapes, and orientations, and quantify tissue composition as a probability distribution in a space with dimensions analogous to the cellular ones. Five patients with ductal carcinoma underwent a <4 min DTD protocol giving voxel-resolved distributions and parameter maps with microstructural information not accessible with conventional methods, thereby encouraging future studies with larger patient groups and comparison with current gold standards.
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