An MR-compatible ultrasound probe was developed for hands-free, simultaneous MR-ultrasound image acquisition for image-guided radiation therapy in liver. Simultaneously acquired pre-treatment MR and U/S associates a pair of MR image and U/S volume to each respiratory state over multiple respiratory cycles without requiring physical MR image acquisition during the radiation treatment LINAC phase. Automatic fiducial tracking and respiratory state clustering were performed on the U/S volumes to determine expiration states for dose delivery. In a test-retest analysis, consistent and reproducible expiration states were obtained that can be used for targeted-dose delivery under LINAC.
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