Magnetic resonance thermometry via the classic time-referenced PRFS method is perturbed by tissue motion and external magnetic field perturbations. We extend an existing 2-D reference-free PRFS thermometry method to 3-D data, by performing near-harmonic reconstruction of the background phase inside a sphere. Ex-vivo HIFU sonication experiments and in-vivo “zero-measurement” of a human brain showed good method accuracy and precision, fast computation times and similar results with the time-referenced PRFS method for motion-free scenarios. This study demonstrates the method’s feasibility for real time thermometry of moving tissues.
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