Dictionary-based Learning in MR Fingerprinting: Statistical Learning versus Deep Learning

In MR Fingerprinting, the exhaustive search in the dictionary may be bypassed by learning a mapping between fingerprints and parameter spaces. In general, the relationship between these spaces is particularly non-linear, which implies the use of advanced regression methods: deep learning frameworks but also methods based on statistical models have been proposed. In this study, we compare reconstruction time, accuracy and noise robustness of the conventional dictionary-matching method and two methods that handle the modelling of the non-linear relashionship with a neural network and a statistical inverse regression model.