We previously used pharmacological MRI (phMRI) to demonstrate that four months of methylphenidate treatment alters dopamine function after washout in medication-naïve children, but not adults, with ADHD. Here, we show in the same children at a 4-5 year follow-up, that the baseline phMRI response in the thalamus and anterior cingulate cortex predicts ADHD severity (hyperactivity scale). However, this association was not moderated by cumulative medication dose. Moreover, no association between phMRI response and symptom severity was found in adults.
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