Lately, we have acquired the resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) signal with pupillometry from anesthetized rats to investigate specific resting-state network correlations with brain state-specific pupil dynamics. Here we used the acquired data to estimate the instantaneous arousal index based on the rs-fMRI signal. We evaluated predicting pupil dynamics using three methods: linear regression (LR), gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural networks and a previously proposed correlation-based (CC) approach. LR and GRU provided much better predictions than CC method. Also, using weighted PCA components, we can identify specific regions of the brain related to pupil dynamics as the brain state index.
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