High-resolution diffusion MRI data of post-mortem adult human hippocampus specimens were acquired and compared to histology to identify major axonal pathways in the hippocampus. The complex microstructural organization in the hippocampus made it difficult to resolve axonal pathways based on conventional diffusion tensor data. In comparison, neurite density map using the NODDI toolbox revealed the locations of the perforant path, mossy fibers, and Schaffer collaterals confirmed by histology. We were able to reconstruct the fimbria/alveus and perforant pathways using tractography, and the results resembled in vivo results from the HCP dataset. Other pathways in the hippocampus remained difficult to delineate.
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