Flow data measured by 4D flow MRI often result in inaccurate wall shear stress estimation due to near-wall noise in velocity measurements. We propose wall-bounded divergence-free smoothing (WB-DFS) to denoise the flow data. This method minimizes a residual error under the divergence-free condition for a wall-bounded flow and simultaneously performs data smoothing. The denoising performance of WB-DFS was found to be the best among methods reported in
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