We focused on exploring the whole-brain resting-state functional networks abnormality by using the rs-fMRI with independent component analysis (ICA) algorithm and the relationships with cognitive dysfunction in ESRD patients with hemodialysis. 24 maintenance hemodialysis patients (MHD group) and 26 healthy control subjects (HCs) were evaluated a battery of neuropsychological tests and rs-fMRI scans. Compared with HCs, the MHD group showed worse neuropsychological performances and related decreased functional connectivity in the default mode network, the right frontoparietal network, and the sensorimotor network. Our study might contribute to better understanding underlying neuropathological substrate of cognitive dysfunction in patients with ESRD.
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