The present meta-analysis investigated the grey matter abnormalities in non-CNS cancer survivals treated with chemotherapy using Anisotropic Effect Size Signed Differential Mapping (AES-SDM) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guides. Compared with controls, the non-CNS cancer survivals treated with chemotherapy exhibit widespread grey matter abnormalities in brain, especially in prefrontal-temporal pathway, which was significantly affected by the time length since chemotherapy. This pattern of grey matter volume changes might improve our understanding of the pathophysiological nature of chemotherapy related cognitive dysfunctions.
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