To determine the accuracy of MRI for estimating hematocrit in anemic fetuses, the current study compared MRI-estimated hematocrit against the gold-standard fetal blood sampling and Doppler assessment of the middle cerebral artery for peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV). MRI-estimated hematocrit was calculated from T1 and T2 measurements of intrahepatic umbilical vein blood. MRI results correlated well with fetal blood sampling and had a higher specificity for predicting anemia than Doppler MCA-PSV. In conclusion, MRI is feasible and accurate for the detection of fetal anemia and may be used to confirm the need for blood transfusion when MCA-PSV is suggestive of anemia.
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