Real-time needle tracking for MRI-guided interventions is challenging due to variations in the needle features and the contrast between the needle and surrounding tissue. Mask region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) is a powerful deep-learning technique for object detection and segmentation in natural images, which has the potential to overcome these challenges. In this study, we train the Mask R-CNN model using annotated intra-procedural images from MRI-guided prostate biopsy cases and real-time images from MRI-guided needle insertion in a phantom. Mask R-CNN achieved accurate needle detection and segmentation in real time (~80 ms/image), which has the potential to improve MRI-guided interventions.
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