Arterial pulse-wave velocity (PWV) is an established measure of vascular stiffness which is an important risk factor in cardiovascular disease and brain dysfunction. It remains unclear, however, whether PWV variations across age is associated with changes in resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) measures, as the fMRI signal is a heavily vascular signal. In this study, we show that PWV has a significant impact on rs-fMRI signal fluctuation amplitude and functional connectivity. Moreover, PWV effects are distinct from those of age, and may not have neuronal underpinnings.
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