Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is suitable to describe brain anatomy, and altered cortical thickness and connectivity are the keys feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) pathophysiology. By processing T1-weighted imaging and diffusion-tensor imaging data from same subjects, cortical thickness and white matter connectivity were shown respectively, and some differences of brain areas were found between typically developing (TD) preschool children group and ASD, which might be related to the behaviors of ASD preschool children. Compared with TD, the thickness of right middle post cingulada gyrus and sulcus increased and its close white matter's fractional anisotropy (FA) of right superior frontal area decreased (P<0.01) in ASD group. These findings may be the morphological biomarkers, which will help guide the precise intervention or treatment in preschool children with ASD as some new neural circuits.
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