By utilizing a multimodal imaging approach, the levels of glutamate and other metabolites in the anterior cingulate and the posterior cingulate cortex were assessed by MRS and compared to the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) binding potential using [11C]ABP688 PET in schizophrenic patients and healthy controls. Glutamate levels seem to be elevated in schizophrenic patients. PET analysis revealed no differences in binding potential (BPND) in both diagnostic groups. However, adding smoking status to analysis, there is a significant reduction in BPND in smokers compared to non-smokers, suggesting a connection between mGluR5 binding potential and nicotine dependence.
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