The classical structural parcellation algorithm by Behrens et al1 remains widely used in clinical research, largely thanks to its simplicity and availability in standard MRI processing software. However, its construction and dependency on tractography leads to several biases that can severely affect the conclusions drawn from it, but which are not well known. We illustrate these biases via the original thalamus parcellation experiment on Human Connectome Project (HCP) data3. Based on our experiments, we outline open problems for future structural parcellation algorithms, and possible directions for overcoming them.
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