The main conventional approach for treating traumatic brain injury related gait and balance deficits has been through physical therapy, but few approaches have focused on brain based rehabilitation efforts that create direct neuroplastic changes. There remains a need for such an approach. Therefore, the goal of this study was: 1) to apply Cranial Nerve Non-Invasive NeuroModulation (CN-NINM) via the tongue in combination with multiple symptom-specific physical therapy exercises in patients with mild to moderate TBI, and 2) to investigate and quantify gray matter volume changes prior to and after intervention as well as their correlation with behavior.
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