MRI shows promise for the guidance of electrophysiology (EP) procedures. MR-guided EP procedures require reliable catheter tracking capabilities. Passive catheter tracking enable positive or negative contrast visualization of the catheter in the MR-images using for example integrated ferromagnetic/paramagnetic materials or contrast agent. Positive contrast visualization remains challenging and often sensitive to imaging/post-processing parameters. Negative contrast techniques remain associated with confounding factors (i.e. any other signal void) which complicate visual catheter tracking. In this study, we sought to develop and evaluate a novel framework for passive catheter tracking with negative contrast combined with automatic tracking and enhanced visualization of the catheter.
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