In this study, deep brain stimulation with chronically implanted electrodes in the unilateral ventral tegmental area of a monkey was performed. The purpose was to determine stimulation paradigms for a range of inter-stimulation intervals that would enable the simultaneous observation of brain activity using fMRI and endogenous dopamine release using [11C]raclopride-PET. While long inter-stimulation intervals produced a unilateral focal CBV response in the striatum but no change in [11C]raclopride binding, short intervals produced a more widespread CBV response and displacement of [11C]raclopride. This study shows the effect of stimulation parameters on brain activity, neurotransmitter release and its limits of detectability.
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