Several strategies have been proposed for correcting physiological noise in rs-fMRI, including different models of respiratory volume (RV) and heart rate (HR) effects. Although group-level model optimization has often been employed, it has been reported that these effects are highly variable across subjects and brain regions. Here, we investigated the impact of optimizing the time-lags of RV and HR physiological noise contributions at different levels of specificity in 7 Tesla rs-fMRI. We found that a regional optimization based on a clustering approach taking into account the time-lags’ individual spatial variability explained more fMRI signal variance than group or subject-based optimizations.
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