In patients with elevated liver iron, in-and-out-of-phase and IDEAL-IQ methods yield very different proton density fat fractions. In these patients, IDEAL-IQ could potentially serve as a more sensitive marker of hepatic steatosis than in-and-out-of-phase imaging, although larger studies are needed to confirm these findings. Irrespective of liver fat and liver iron content, conventional and IDEAL-IQ R2* values are highly correlated.
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