By school age, 30-50% of very preterm infants exhibit cognitive deficits. Unfortunately, cognitive deficits cannot be reliably diagnosed until 3 to 5 years of age. These early years are now recognized as critical for neuroplasticity when early intervention therapies can enhance infants’ ability to reach their full cognitive potential. Diffuse white matter abnormality (DWMA) is seen on term-equivalent age MRI in 50-75% of very preterm infants and is predictive of cognitive deficits. In this study, we examined features of DWMA and conducted personalized prediction in very preterm infants, soon after birth, using machine learning algorithms.
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