Abstract #4047

A longitudinal study of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Elda Fischi-Gomez^1,2,3, Guillaume Bonnier^1,2, Pavel Falkowskiy^3,4,5, David Romascano³, Myriam Schluep⁶, Renaud Du Pasquier⁶, Alessandro Daducci³, Jean-Philippe Thiran^3,4, Gunnar Kruger⁷, and Cristina Granziera^1,2

¹Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Charlestown, MA, United States, ²Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, ³Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS 5), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, ⁴Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, ⁵Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology (HC CMEA SUI DI BM PI), Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, ⁶Department of Clinical Neurosciences. Neuroimmunology and Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, ⁷Siemens Healthcare USA, Malvern, PA, United States

We explored the sensitivity of a novel diffusion MRI method i.e. “Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging”, to detect and characterize brain microstructure alterations in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients that we followed up over 2 years. Cross-sectionally, NODDI revealed that an increase in orientation dispersion and a decrease in neurite density in NAWM and in lesions of RRMS patients compared to healthy subjects. Longitudinally, NODDI measured a decreased dispersion and an increased neurite density in MS lesions at 2 years follow-up. Also, NODDI metrics at baseline were highly related to cognition at both baseline and follow-up.

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