Real-time quantification of in vivo metabolism with hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is currently limited by partial volume effects from intense vascular signal. Flow-sensitive, bipolar gradients are an attractive option for suppressing vascular signal due to their minimal influence on static spins. This work looks at the impact of incorporating bipolar gradients on the quantification and repeatability of hyperpolarized 13C MRSI metabolic measures of lactate-to-pyruvate area-under-the-curve ratios (AUCratio). The results suggest that incorporating bipolar gradients mitigates vascular partial voluming, increasing measured AUCratio, while reducing measurement repeatability, indicated by the larger repeatability coefficients.
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