IVIM diffusion is applied to detect the changes in the brain of perinatally HIV-infected adolescents in our work. 18 children with HIV positive and 17 HIV negative children underwent MRI scan on a 3.0T whole body scanner including multi-b diffusion imaging. The IVIM parameters (D, D*and f ) were obtained by fitting using MITK software. Correlation of IVIM parameters and CD4+T cell counts, CD4/CD8 ratio were analyzed. D* value of caudate nucleus and frontal white matter decreased significantly in HIV positive children and the changes of D* were positively correlated with CD4+T cell counts and CD4/CD8 ratio. However，D and f were not statistically significant. IVIM improves on the detection brain damage in HIV infected asymptomatic adolescents as compared to conventional DWI.
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