Advanced diffusion MRI acquisition strategies based on motion-compensated diffusion-encoding waveforms have been proposed to reduce the signal voids caused by tissue motion. However, quantitative diffusion measurements obtained from these motion-compensated waveforms may be biased relative to standard monopolar gradient waveforms. This study evaluated the effect of different diffusion encoding gradient waveforms on the signal decay and diffusion measurements, using Monte-Carlo simulations with different microstructures and several reconstruction signal models. The results show substantial bias in observed signal decay and quantitative diffusion measurements in the same microstructure across different gradient waveforms, in the presence of restricted diffusion.
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