The design and implementation of a novel bioreactor capable of facilitating both magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and optical fluorescence microscopy for complementary metabolic information is described. Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and hyperpolarized [1-13C] pyruvic acid (PA) MRS of human breast cancer cells in a 3D collagen matrix is demonstrated. The system provides a novel test-bed for simulating cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions in a 3D microenvironment for investigating multi-scale cellular metabolism in vitro.
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