2D-MB-EPI and 3D-EPI-CAIPI acquisition schemes can be used to increase spatiotemporal resolution in fMRI. This study examined which approach is optimal at 3T, over a range of temporal and spatial resolutions, while maintaining extended brain coverage. 10 protocols were tested in vivo for each sequence spanning low and high spatial resolution and a range of through-plane acceleration factors. 3D-EPI-CAIPI outperforms 2D-MB-EPI at lower temporal resolutions, as long as physiological effects are corrected and the maximal CAIPIRINHA shift is used. The benefit is greater at higher spatial resolution. However, as the temporal resolution increases, by increasing the through-plane acceleration, 2D-MB-EPI becomes preferable.
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