In this report we developed a tract-based diffusion anisotropy and magnetic susceptibility analysis approach to jointly evaluate the potential mechanisms for axonal growth and myelin repair in children undergoing autologous cord blood stem cell therapy. Advancing from our prior findings that baseline brain connectivity is correlated with CP disease severity and that brain connectivity increase is correlated with functional motor improvement in CP patients, we provide further evidence that the increased brain connectivity may be the result of increased myelination of the affected neural pathways, in addition to the possibility of axonal regeneration.
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