Frequency difference maps derived from GRE phase data have been shown to generate orientation-dependent contrast in white matter tracts in the brain due to signal compartmentalization in myelinated nerve fibers. Here, we investigate the use of frequency difference mapping (FDM) as a marker of white matter integrity; comparing FDM with PSIR; T2*-weighted magnitude; and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) images of focal white matter lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis. FDM shows clear contrast between these lesions and the surrounding white matter, suggesting that it has potential as a means of quantitatively identifying changes in white matter integrity in vivo.
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