Sangjune Laurence Lee1, Michael Schr2,3,
M. Muz Zviman4, Valeria Sena-Weltin4, Ahmed A. Harouni5,
Sebastian Kozerke6, Elliot R. McVeigh1, Henry Halperin4,
Daniel A. Herzka7
1Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; 2Philips
Healthcare, Cleveland, OH, United States; 3Radiology, Johns
Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; 4Division
of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United
States; 5Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering,
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; 6Institute
for Biomedical Engineering, University & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;
7Department of Biomedical Engineering , Johns Hopkins School of
Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
2D breath-hold phase sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) has been shown to provide excellent depiction of myocardial scar and other clinically relevant conditions. The transition from breath-hold 2D to respiratory navigator-gated 3D imaging should yield higher SNR and CNR, allowing whole heart coverage at higher spatial resolution. Current 3D PSIR implementations navigate only the IR-prepared volume, relying on phase reference images that may be corrupted by respiratory motion. We hypothesize that additional navigation of the reference volume will yield more robust high-resolution imaging. Here, we present an independently-navigated 3D PSIR sequence and extend its utility to include co-registered T2W imaging volumes.