Refocused Double Quantum Filter

Vincent O. Boer¹, Peter R. Luijten¹, Dennis W J Klomp¹

Double Quantum (DQ) filters provide a means to acquire signal of coupled spin systems with a superb suppression of (overlapping) non-coupled spin systems. Lactate detection in the presence of macromolecules and lipids is therefore possible. However, the DQ filters are associated with severe signal loss of the metabolite of interest. In this work we propose a refocused DQ filter with a higher detection sensitivity compared to previously proposed filters while suppression quality of overlapping resonances is even increased. Detection of lactate in low concentrations and in lipid rich environments therefore becomes possible. Baseline brain-lactate measurements are shown with suppression of all other resonances.